A water transfer system is shown in Fig. P1-27. The water transfer rate is 1,500 gpm. The present system consists of an 8-in., schedule 40, 1O.OOO-ft-longcommercial steel pipe. Three options exist to expand the capacity of the system to 2,400 gpm. Option 1 is to install a larger
pump and use the single line. Option 2 is to install a 6-in. plastic pipe in parallel with the existing pipe. Option 3 is to replace the existing 8-in. pipe with a 10-in. plastic pipe. The water temperature is 60°F.
(a) Compute the pump increase in head and power output for each option.
(b) If the pump is 60 percent efficient and electricity costs 8 cents per kWh, estimate the electrical cost of the three options for 3,500 hours of usage per year.
(c) Which option would you recommend? Support your answer.