Based on the equation of exchange, the money supply in the economy is calculated as

A difficulty in using the Phillips curve as a policy menu is the a. fact that the natural rate of unemployment does not exist.b. fact that the curve would not remain in one position.c. difficulty deciding between monetary and fiscal policies.d. fact that Democrats choose one point on the curve and Republicans choose another point.

Since the 1970s, the a. Phillips curve has not been stable.b. inflation rate and the unemployment rate have been about equal.c. Phillips curve has proven to be a reliable model to guide public policy.d. relationship between the inflation rate and the unemployment rate moved in a counter-clockwise direction.

According to the natural rate hypothesis, a. the Phillips curve is quite flat, so that a large reduction in employment can be achieved without inflation.b. workers only adapt their wage demands to inflation after a considerable time lag.c. the Phillips curve is vertical in the long run at full employment.d. workers cannot anticipate the inflationary

Most of the world’s economies are mixed economies because a. a cartel of powerful transnational firms demands it.b. the market system of allocation is always best.c. the command system of allocation is always best.d. government intervention in an overall market system exists because markets fail when there is market power, a great deal of inequality,

The term “capitalism” refers to which of the following? a. A religion based on amassing capital.b. An economic system characterized by private ownership of resources, and decentralized market allocation.c. An economic system characterized by government ownership of resources and centralized allocation.d. None of the above answers are correct.

Karl Marx was a (an) a. 19th-century German philosopher.b. 18th-century Russian economist.c. 14th-century Polish banker.d.19th-century Russian journalist.

Indicate whether each of the following is associated with a high or low level of economic growth and development:

Which of the following distinguishes industrially advanced countries from less-developed countries? a. GDP per capita.b. Educational attainment of the workforce.c. Extent to which capital is technologically advanced.d. All of the answers above are correct.

There is a significant positive relationship between__________ and__________. a. natural resource commodity exports; high levels of per capita GDPb. investment in capital; high levels of per capita GDPc. high levels of illiteracy; high levels of per capita GDPd. limited government recognition of land tenure and property ownership; high levels of per capita GDP