Promoting Active Ageing for Madam Tan: A Holistic Approach to Health, Nutrition, and Well-being in Singapore

Madam Tan is a 70-year-old retired cleaner who lives alone in a 3-room flat. She has two grown children who live separately and have limited time to visit due to work and family commitments. Since retiring, she has remained fully mobile and independent in her activities of daily living, though she tends to stay indoors most of the time to watch television. Her social circle has diminished over the years, particularly after the passing of her husband, and she has occasional feelings of loneliness and isolation.

Her medical history includes hypertension where her recent blood pressure is at 148/95 mmHg, arthritis and joint degeneration which likely exacerbated by a genetic predisposition and her overweight status. She has pain and pressure sensation in her feet due to her diabetic condition. Hence, she has to wear loose-fitting slippers.

Madam Tan frequently eats at the neighbourhood coffee shops, often choosing chicken rice or fried carrot cake. Her diet consists of high intake of fat and sodium, with low consumption of fruits, vegetables, and calcium-rich foods. She dislikes dairy products, which limits her calcium intake.

She was recently admitted to the A&E department after a fall in her home bathroom, resulting in hip and wrist fractures, which are consistent with underlying osteoporosis and impaired balance.

Your writing should be clear, concise, and well organised with good sentence/paragraph construction. Ideas should flow smoothly from one to another and are linked to one another. Reliable sources of references should be cited to support your statements.

Section A [30 Marks]

A) [12 Marks]

Explain how FOUR key physical changes of Madam Tan’s musculoskeletal system due to ageing will affect her activities of daily living.

B) [18 Marks]

List and explain SIX risk factors that could contribute to Madam Tan developing arthritis.

Section B [16 Marks]

A) [8 Marks]

Explain FOUR possible causes for Madam Tan to fall in the home bathroom based on her medical conditions.

B) [8 Marks]

Discuss FOUR recommendations to reduce Madam Tan’s risk of falling.

Section C [42 Marks]

A) [9 Marks]

Discuss THREE potential factors that are preventing Madam Tan from achieving optimal nutrition.

B) [9 Marks]

Propose and elaborate on THREE recommendations to help Madam Tan eat more healthily for optimal nutrition.

C) [12 Marks]

Elaborate FOUR types of physical activities that are suitable for Madam Tan based on her medical conditions.

D) [12 Marks]

Identify and explain FOUR strategies that can enhance Madam Tan’s mental well-being.

Section D [12 Marks]

A) [12 Marks]

Explain FOUR determinants of Active Ageing that can help Madam Tan to embrace active ageing.

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Nursing Assignment Answers: Expert Answer on Above Questions

Full physical changes in the musculoskeletal system of Madam Tan
1) arthritis: It causes pain and affects walking.
2) osteoporosis: It reduces the mobility after injury as it accounts for weakened bones.
3) postural instability: It affects the independent movement.
4) muscle mass loss: It accounts for a decline in strength and balance, and makes people feel more tired.

Six factors for developing arthritis:
The 6 important factors that account for the development of arthritis are age, genetics, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, poor diet and joint injuries.

Four causes of her fall in the bathroom
The four important causes of her fall in the bathroom are neuropathy in feet, slippery bathroom, improper footwear and impaired balance.

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