Total word count for this assignment is : 850Answer the following four questions, each of which is worth 10 points.1. Construct two close-ended survey questions using the guidelines presented in the textbook. One question should assess whether/how much respondents’ support raising property taxes to fund schools. The other question should assess respondents’ beliefs about the causes of recent wildfires in the western United States.2. You want to study people who participate in protests in Portland, Oregon in support of Black Lives Matter. Write approximately 300-500 words describing how you might go about this study using qualitative field research methods. For example, how would you make contacts, gather data, etc.? What ethical issues would you need to consider?3. Professor Lloyd hypothesizes that male authors of children’s books tend to portray more violence in their books than female authors. She decides to do a content analysis to test this hypothesis. She makes a list of the authors of the top 100 bestselling children’s books in 2003. This list has 87 authors on it (since some authors have more than one book on the top 100 bestseller list). She determines the gender of each author and then randomly selects 5 male authors and 5 female authors. She makes a list of all words that she considers to represent violence (e.g., “punch,” “hurt,” etc.). She then reads one book from each author (selecting the most popular book in the case of authors with multiple books on the top 100 list), carefully counting the number of “violent words.” To control for variation in the length of the books, she records the number of violent words per 1000 words. She realizes, however, that the number of violent words will not necessarily accurately represent how much violence is portrayed in a book. For example, a violent act could be described without using any of the violent words. So, she asks her research assistant to read the ten books and rate each one on a scale (the “violence scale”) from 1 (no violence) to 5 (lots of violence) based on his impression of the contents of the book. Here is the data she collected.Author #Gender identityViolent wordsViolence scale1Woman732Woman543Woman014Woman215Woman1146Man1047Man328Man639Man8510Man42a. (2 points) What is the unit of analysis in Professor Lloyd’s study?b. (2 points) Does the variable “violent words” measure manifest or latent content? Explain why.c. (2 points) Does the variable “violence scale” measure manifest or latent content? Explain why.d. 2 points) In terms of reliability, what are the merits of coding manifest content relative to latent content?e. (2 points) Overall, what are the strengths and weaknesses of content analysis as an approach to research?4. You are conducting a cross-case analysis of the inauguration speeches of U.S. Presidents over the past century. What key concepts might you code from the following passage from President Obama’s speech for his second term in 2013 (for the full text of the speech, see: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/01/21/inaugural-address-president-barack-obama (Links to an external site.)):We, the people, declare today that the most evident of truths –- that all of us are created equal –- is the star that guides us still; just as it guided our forebears through Seneca Falls, and Selma, and Stonewall; just as it guided all those men and women, sung and unsung, who left footprints along this great Mall, to hear a preacher say that we cannot walk alone; to hear a King proclaim that our individual freedom is inextricably bound to the freedom of every soul on Earth. It is now our generation’s task to carry on what those pioneers began. For our journey is not complete until our wives, our mothers and daughters can earn a living equal to their efforts. Our journey is not complete until our gay brothers and sisters are treated like anyone else under the law for if we are truly created equal, then surely the love we commit to one another must be equal as well. Our journey is not complete until no citizen is forced to wait for hours to exercise the right to vote. Our journey is not complete until we find a better way to welcome the striving, hopeful immigrants who still see America as a land of opportunity, until bright young students and engineers are enlisted in our workforce rather than expelled from our country. Our journey is not complete until all our children, from the streets of Detroit to the hills of Appalachia, to the quiet lanes of Newtown, know that they are cared for and cherished and always safe from harm.

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